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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク adaptive system ： ウィキペディア英語版 adaptive system The term adaptation is used in biology in relation to how living beings adapt to their environments, but with two different meanings. First, the continuous adaptation of an organism to its environment, so as to maintain itself in a viable state, through sensory feedback mechanisms. Second, the development (through evolutionary steps) of an adaptation (an anatomic structure, physiological process or behavior characteristic) that increases the probability of an organism reproducing itself (although sometimes not directly). Generally speaking, an adaptive system is a set of interacting or interdependent entities, real or abstract, forming an integrated whole that together are able to respond to environmental changes or changes in the interacting parts. Feedback loops represent a key feature of adaptive systems, allowing the response to changes; examples of adaptive systems include: natural ecosystems, individual organisms, human communities, human organizations, and human families. Some artificial systems can be adaptive as well; for instance, robots employ control systems that utilize feedback loops to sense new conditions in their environment and adapt accordingly. ==The law of adaptation== A formal definition of the Law of Adaptation is as follows: Given a system $S$, we say that a physical event $E$ is a stimulus for the system $S$ if and only if the probability $P(S\; \backslash rightarrow\; S\text{'}|E)$ that the system suffers a change or be perturbed (in its elements or in its processes) when the event $E$ occurs is strictly greater than the prior probability that $S$ suffers a change independently of $E$: :$P(S\; \backslash rightarrow\; S\text{'}|E)>P(S\; \backslash rightarrow\; S\text{'})$ ''Let $S$ be an arbitrary system subject to changes in time $t$ and let $E$ be an arbitrary event that is a stimulus for the system $S$: we say that $S$ is an adaptive system if and only if when t tends to infinity $(t\backslash rightarrow\; \backslash infty)$ the probability that the system $S$ change its behavior $(S\backslash rightarrow\; S\text{'})$ in a time step $t\_0$ given the event $E$ is equal to the probability that the system change its behavior independently of the occurrence of the event $E$. In mathematical terms:'' #- $P\_(S\backslash rightarrow\; S\text{'}|E)\; >\; P\_(S\backslash rightarrow\; S\text{'})\; >\; 0$ #- $\backslash lim\_\; P\_t(S\backslash rightarrow\; S\text{'}\; |\; E)\; =\; P\_t(S\backslash rightarrow\; S\text{'})$ Thus, for each instant $t$ will exist a temporal interval $h$ such that: : 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「adaptive system」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.